This is not really an Azure question but I have installed docker desktop before.
You go here: https://www.docker.com/products/docker-desktop
Then select the install option

You then will be directed to login to docker. If you don't have an account you will see an option to create one. After logging in you will find the link to download docker desktop

Also, if you are connected to a companies corpnet you could be hitting issues there as well. So you can always try from another internet source.