The primary key column contents don't matter as long as it unique and not null and under the max key size (900 bytes are less). A natural "file number" key can be used as primary key within those restrictions. It is the
underlying data type that will determine the domain of data that can be stored.
If you choose to introduce a surrogate primary key anyway (e.g. identity column), it would be best to create a unique constraint on the file number to ensure uniqueness.
Dan Guzman, SQL Server MVP, http://www.dbdelta.com