Hi AlexMartini,
I test your scenario using Excel 2016 version and get expected result.
First, I create date model in PowerPivot windows like below screenshot.

Then select “2013Jan”cell->Right click->filter->filter by selected cell value. It will filter the data and return all the row where Year/month is 2013Jan.
Finally, select the filtered table, Right click->Copy, and paste it to Excel worksheet.

Best Regards,
Angelia