User269602965 posted
generally if the parent table has primary key that is indexed and the child table has primary key that is indexed and the foreign key that is indexed, performance should be the best the database system (hardware, software) can provide.
I am not familiar with MongoDB and its ability to optimize query performance like Oracle and MSSQL do for you in the background.
The join avoids the need to loop as the join becomes like a single virtual table that you extract into your display environment.
Joins are faster than looping through the child table programmatically looking for matches.