Simplified explanation follows:
As an example, you have an object containing references to other objects.
For instance, a Person object, containing references to an Address object, several Phone objects, etc.
If you make a shallow copy of that Person object you now have two Person objects, but they share the Address objects and Phone objects. In other words, you only make a new Person object, and then link it up to the existing Address and Phone objects.
A deep copy, on the other hand, will make new copies of everything, so that both Person objects now have their own set of Address and Phone objects.
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